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Glucose = Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
C6H12O6 = 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + ATP
OR
Glucose = Energy + Lactic acid
C6H12O6 = ATP + C3h6O3
Less energy is produced during anaerobic respiration as oxygen is not involved. Oxygen is a highly electronegative atom , and hence is a good electron acceptor. During anaerobic respiration , other acceptors such as nitrate and sulfate are used , they have a smaller reduction rate , causing less energy to be released per oxidized molecule of primary electron donor.
Lactic Acid(C3h6O3)
The lactic acid system is capable of releasing energy that can resynthesise ATP without the involvement of oxygen and is called anaerobic glycolysis. Glycolysis (breakdown of carbohydrates) results in the formation of pyruvic acid and hydronium ions (H+). The pyruvic acid molecules undergo oxidation in the mitochondrion and the Krebs Cycle begins. A build-up of H+ will make the muscle cells acidic and interfere with their operation so carrier molecules, called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), remove the H+. The NAD+ is reduced to NADH that deposit the H+ at the electron transport gate (ETC) in the mitrochondria to be combined with oxygen to form water (H2O).To prevent the rise in acidity, pyruvic acid accepts H+ forming lactic acid that then dissociates into lactate and H+. Excess lactate can be removed by conversion to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver and then released back into the circulation.
Ethanol(C2H5OH)
Better known as alcohol , it is formed by ethanol fermentation during anaerobic respiration , a biological process in which sugars such as glucose and sucrose are converted into cellular energy and thereby produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as metabolic waste products. Yeast produce alcohol using ethanol fermentation and it is also responsible for the rising of bread dough. Yeast organisms consume sugars in the dough and produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as waste products.
I need to understand: Quoting "so yeast will respire aerobically if it can."
ReplyDeleteHow do yeast control the way it respires?As we know , humans cannot control the way they respire.Also,how do we prevent making too much lactic acid?
Lactic acid is not produced during aerobic respiration . Also , when we are doing vigorous activities , aerobic respiration does not provide sufficient energy , hence , we respirate both aerobically and anaerobically. That is the only time where humans respirate anaerobically.
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ReplyDeleteWhat we still don't know: According to your reply for phanwilber, can humans respirate both aerobically and anaerobically at the same time?
ReplyDeleteYes. it is possible to respire both aerobically and anaerobically. This only happens when our body is in need of oxygen and aerobically alone cannot give out sufficient amount of oxygen.Anaerobic respiration comes to help and both ends up working at the same time.
ReplyDeleteBetter theory : aerobic respiration consists of air while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. For the muscle, to avoid having any cramps ( due to the overload of carbon dioxide ) breathe in deeply and quickly to circulate the lactic acid and at the same time convert it into water and carbondioxide
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